Innovation in the energy conservation is aimed at minimizing energy losses.The introduction of effective technologies is an important stage in solving environmental problems.They ensure the use of waste, savings and rational consumption of heat, water, gas, fuel.
Modern energy conservation technologies
The development of new methods associated with saving natural resources is aimed at using pure energy without harmful emissions.Depending on the scope of use, energy -saving technologies are distinguished in the production sector, the transport industry intended for individual or general consumption.
A striking example of technology implementation is the use of LED lamps.They combine the original design solution and minimum electricity costs.A heat car is used as an alternative heater, which accumulates and evenly gives heat.
It is economically profitable to use such devices in regions where zone tariffs for electricity operate.In the construction industry, film heaters become popular, which are mounted on the floor or ceiling.
To heat the house, you can use heat pumps that extract energy from the environment, solid fuel boilers.Solar collectors are used as an alternative source.
The automated control system "Smart House" allows you to reduce electricity costs.The technology is based on the use of sensors that respond to movement, as a result of which the lighting devices are turned on or off.
Modern developments are aimed at developing solar energy.The development of new ways to save resources is due to the need to save them in the conditions of depletion of subsoil reserves.
Reforms in the field of modernization of electric power industry
To increase the efficiency of the energy industry, improvement on the basis of new, scientifically sound developments is important.The energy efficiency of innovative energy -saving technologies should be ensured by the use of local systems working using mineral raw materials and alternative sources.
When developing the modernization model, the processes of the functioning of power systems, and the optimization of supply reliability indicators should be taken into account.In the field of thermal energy, an important solution is the improvement of boiler plants by replacing the mode of operation with cogeneration, which provides for the simultaneous production of heat and electricity.
In coal energy, the main area of modernization is the reconstruction of equipment.When using solid fuel, the development of a steam -gas installation with internal gasification of coal is economically beneficial.
Electrical installations allow artificial oil, calorie gas and solid waste from solid fuel.Such developments allow the use of primary raw materials (coal, shales) practically without waste formation.
The modernization of equipment in the hydropower provides for:
- creation of units with variable frequency;
- Development of equipment for power plants using tide energy.
In atomic energy, there are difficulties related to new construction.To ensure the competitiveness of this industry, it is necessary to achieve energy to save at the stage of heat converting into electricity, to solve environmental problems associated with the implementation of the fuel-nuclear cycle, and waste disposal.
Fuel hydrogen elements of the cell
Many new developments are carried out in the field of use of non -traditional sources, in particular, in hydrogen energy.This direction is assigned an auxiliary role that can increase in the development of new technologies for obtaining hydrogen fuel.
The fuel cells work according to a scheme that is described by chemical reactions taking place in the element of acid or alkaline electrolyte.During the reaction, a part of energy is transformed into heat, and the flow of electrons through the external circuit provides direct current.
Installations on the fuel elements are clean and safe for humans, because the final product of combustion is water.The world has the development of elements in which hydrocarbon fuel is used as a source of hydrogen for the production of electricity.
This direction of the creation of an environmentally friendly energy source is in the development stage, search for solutions and practical application.For the introduction of a technology, which is characterized by an increased cycle duration, new ideas, nanotechnology are required.